/*
任务7（任选）：编写一个多线程并发应用程序task67.c。
1）主线程预先创建5个工作线程，然后通过缓冲区发放任务，对等线程从缓冲区提取任务执行，当缓冲区为空时，等待任务。
2）每个任务内容是以秒为单位的整数等待时间，对等线程取得任务后，调用sleep睡眠指定的秒数，就算任务执行完成。
3）主线程从终端读取命令，发布任务，命令格式为"<任务数> <秒数>",如输入"10 5"表示创建10个任务，每个任务的运行时间是5秒。
4）应用程序应支持动态地增加或减少工作线程的数目，一个策略是当缓冲区变满时，将线程数量翻倍，而当缓冲区变为空时，将线程数目减半。
5）每次工作线程发送变动时，应输出相关信息。
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

#define DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE 20
#define INITIAL_THREADS 5
#define MAX_THREADS 256

typedef struct {
    int *buf;
    int n;
    int inpos;
    int outpos;
    sem_t mutex;
    sem_t slots;
    sem_t items;
} sbuf_t;

/* 线程池管理 */
int current_thread_count = INITIAL_THREADS;
int thread_should_exit[MAX_THREADS];
pthread_t worker_tids[MAX_THREADS];
pthread_mutex_t pool_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
volatile int program_running = 1;
sbuf_t buf;

void sbuf_init(sbuf_t *sp, int n)
{
    sp->buf = (int *)malloc(n * sizeof(int));
    sp->n = n;
    sp->inpos = 0;
    sp->outpos = 0;
    sem_init(&sp->mutex, 0, 1);
    sem_init(&sp->slots, 0, n);
    sem_init(&sp->items, 0, 0);
}

void sbuf_deinit(sbuf_t *sp)
{
    free(sp->buf);
    sem_destroy(&sp->mutex);
    sem_destroy(&sp->slots);
    sem_destroy(&sp->items);
}

void sbuf_insert(sbuf_t *sp, int item)
{
    sem_wait(&sp->slots);
    sem_wait(&sp->mutex);
    sp->buf[sp->inpos] = item;
    sp->inpos = (sp->inpos + 1) % sp->n;
    sem_post(&sp->mutex);
    sem_post(&sp->items);
}

int sbuf_remove(sbuf_t *sp)
{
    sem_wait(&sp->items);
    sem_wait(&sp->mutex);
    int item = sp->buf[sp->outpos];
    sp->outpos = (sp->outpos + 1) % sp->n;
    sem_post(&sp->mutex);
    sem_post(&sp->slots);
    return item;
}

int sbuf_is_full(sbuf_t *sp)
{
    int val;
    sem_getvalue(&sp->slots, &val);
    return val == 0;
}

int sbuf_is_empty(sbuf_t *sp)
{
    int val;
    sem_getvalue(&sp->items, &val);
    return val == 0;
}

void *worker(void *arg)
{
    int my_id = *((int *)arg);
    while (1)
    {
        /* 检查是否应该退出 */
        pthread_mutex_lock(&pool_mutex);
        if (thread_should_exit[my_id])
        {
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);
            break;
        }
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);

        int task_seconds = sbuf_remove(&buf);

        /* 再次检查退出标志（可能在等待期间被标记） */
        pthread_mutex_lock(&pool_mutex);
        if (thread_should_exit[my_id])
        {
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);
            /* 任务还在缓冲区中被取出了，需要重新放回去 */
            sbuf_insert(&buf, task_seconds);
            break;
        }
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);

        printf("[Worker %d] executing task: sleep %d seconds\n", my_id, task_seconds);
        sleep(task_seconds);
        printf("[Worker %d] task completed\n", my_id);
    }
    printf("[Worker %d] exiting\n", my_id);
    return NULL;
}

void adjust_threads_up()
{
    pthread_mutex_lock(&pool_mutex);
    int new_count = current_thread_count * 2;
    if (new_count > MAX_THREADS) new_count = MAX_THREADS;
    if (new_count <= current_thread_count)
    {
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);
        return;
    }

    int added = new_count - current_thread_count;
    for (int i = 0; i < added; i++)
    {
        int tid = current_thread_count + i;
        thread_should_exit[tid] = 0;
        int *arg = malloc(sizeof(int));
        *arg = tid;
        pthread_create(&worker_tids[tid], NULL, worker, arg);
    }
    current_thread_count = new_count;
    printf("缓冲区变满，工作线程数翻倍，当前工作线程数为%d个\n", current_thread_count);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);
}

void adjust_threads_down()
{
    pthread_mutex_lock(&pool_mutex);
    int new_count = current_thread_count / 2;
    if (new_count < 1) new_count = 1;
    if (new_count >= current_thread_count)
    {
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);
        return;
    }

    int removed = current_thread_count - new_count;
    /* 标记尾部线程为退出 */
    for (int i = 0; i < removed; i++)
    {
        int tid = current_thread_count - 1 - i;
        thread_should_exit[tid] = 1;
    }
    current_thread_count = new_count;
    printf("缓冲区变空，工作线程数减半，当前工作线程数为%d个\n", current_thread_count);

    /* 插入额外的空槽通知以便标记线程能退出 */
    for (int i = 0; i < removed; i++)
    {
        sbuf_insert(&buf, 0);
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int buf_size = DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE;
    if (argc >= 2)
        buf_size = atoi(argv[1]);

    printf("Dynamic Thread Pool\n");
    printf("Buffer size: %d, Initial threads: %d\n", buf_size, INITIAL_THREADS);
    printf("Commands: <task_count> <seconds> | 'quit' to exit\n\n");

    sbuf_init(&buf, buf_size);

    /* 创建初始线程 */
    for (int i = 0; i < INITIAL_THREADS; i++)
    {
        thread_should_exit[i] = 0;
        int *arg = malloc(sizeof(int));
        *arg = i;
        pthread_create(&worker_tids[i], NULL, worker, arg);
    }

    /* 主线程命令循环 */
    char line[256];
    while (program_running)
    {
        printf("> ");
        fflush(stdout);

        if (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin) == NULL)
            break;

        if (strncmp(line, "quit", 4) == 0)
            break;

        int task_count, task_seconds;
        if (sscanf(line, "%d %d", &task_count, &task_seconds) != 2)
        {
            printf("Invalid command. Usage: <task_count> <seconds>\n");
            continue;
        }

        printf("Adding %d tasks, each %d seconds...\n", task_count, task_seconds);

        for (int i = 0; i < task_count; i++)
        {
            /* 插入前检查是否满 */
            if (sbuf_is_full(&buf))
            {
                adjust_threads_up();
            }
            sbuf_insert(&buf, task_seconds);
        }

        /* 检查插入后是否需要调整 */
        int slots_val, items_val;
        sem_getvalue(&buf.slots, &slots_val);
        sem_getvalue(&buf.items, &items_val);
        printf("Buffer status: %d/%d slots free, %d items pending\n",
               slots_val, buf_size, items_val);
    }

    /* 等待所有任务完成并通知线程退出 */
    printf("\nWaiting for pending tasks to complete...\n");
    while (!sbuf_is_empty(&buf))
    {
        sleep(1);
    }

    /* 标记所有线程退出并唤醒它们 */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&pool_mutex);
    for (int i = 0; i < current_thread_count; i++)
    {
        thread_should_exit[i] = 1;
    }
    /* 插入足够多的信号量以唤醒所有等待的线程 */
    for (int i = 0; i < current_thread_count; i++)
    {
        sbuf_insert(&buf, 0);
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&pool_mutex);

    /* 等待所有线程结束 */
    for (int i = 0; i < current_thread_count; i++)
    {
        pthread_join(worker_tids[i], NULL);
    }

    printf("All workers exited. Program terminating.\n");
    sbuf_deinit(&buf);
    return 0;
}